Before I answer this question, you need to know about voiced and voiceless consonants, if you don’t know what these are, go to the Consonant page and study it, and then come back to this question. If you already have, there it is:
There are basically 3 types of -ed pronunciation as follows:
1-/t/ (When the consonant preceding -ed is voiceless)
2-/d/ (When the consonant preceding -ed is voiced)
3-/əd/ or /ɪd/ (when the consonant preceding -ed is either /t/ or /d/)
| /t/ | /d/ | /əd/ or /ɪd/ |
| Voiceless Consonant + /t/ | Voiced Consonant + /d/ | Consonant /t/ or /d/ + /əd/ or /ɪd/ |
| Hoped/pt/ | Robbed /bd/ | Waited /weɪt̬əd/ or /weɪt̬ɪd/ |
| Laughed/ft/ | Loved /vd/ | Wanted /wɑːntəd/ or /wɑːntɪd/ |
| Kissed /st/ | Buzzed /zd/ | Ended /endəd/ or /endɪd/ |
| Liked /kt/ | Logged /gd/ | Rated /reɪt̬əd/ or /reɪt̬ɪd/ |
| Washed /ʃt/ | Changed /ʒd/ | Dated /deɪt̬əd/ or /deɪt̬ɪd/ |
| Matched /tʃt/ | Managed /dʒd/ | Wasted /weɪstəd/ or /weɪstɪd/ |
| Other Examples: Since all vowels are voiced, -ed is pronounced as /d/ after vowels. Played /pleɪd/ Allowed /əlaʊd/ Try /traɪd/ |
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